Fourth, the factors that affect the pearl effect
Pearlescent pigment is a kind of luster pigment. The pearlescent effect of using it to make pearlescent ink depends on the pearl luster. This is a very important performance for pearlescent ink. It mainly depends on the content of the pearlescent pigment in the ink and the uniformity of dispersion, and the uniformity of dispersion is related to the ink preparation process. Therefore, in formulating the ink, the uniformity of pigment dispersion must be ensured. Here mainly discusses the effect of the amount of pearlescent pigments on pearl luster. We use visual inspection to evaluate pearl luster of printed products. In the same formulation, the amount of pearlescent pigment was changed and the pearlescent luster of the printed product was observed. The results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 Effect of Pearlescent Pigment Consumption on Pearlescent Effect of Prints
From Table 6, it can be seen that with the increase of the amount of pearlescent pigments, the pearlescent gloss is getting better and better. When the amount is 15%, the pearlescent luster is already very good, similar to the amount of 17%. This shows that when the amount of pearlescent pigment reaches a certain value, the pearlescent effect is basically unchanged. In addition, it can also be seen from Table 6 that when the amount of pigments reaches 17%, the fastness of the ink begins to decrease, and the reason for this has been analyzed in the foregoing. Therefore, blindly increasing the amount of pearlescent pigments does not improve the pearlescent effect, and the ink fastness will be affected. In order to ensure the performance of the ink, the amount of pearlescent pigment should be in the range of 12% to 15%.
Fifth, the rheological properties of fabric pearl ink
Since the fabric pearl ink is used for screen printing, the performance of the ink should meet the requirements of the screen printing ink. In order to ensure the printing quality, the screen printing ink should be able to print from the printing plate to the printing part smoothly during the printing; the screen will not be blocked on the screen, drying fast on the printing part; This has a lot to do with the rheological properties of inks, mainly in the following aspects.
(1) Viscosity Viscosity is a characteristic of the inside of an ink that hinders its relative flow. It determines the printability of the ink and the reproducibility of the print. When the viscosity is too large, the ink is not easily printed on the prints through the screen, resulting in the lack of ink in the image; the viscosity is too small and the print is easy to expand. Fabric pearlescent inks generally range from 33 to 42 poises.
(2) Yield value The yield value is the minimum shear stress required to start the laminar flow of the ink. It also determines the printability of the ink, the yield value is too large, the ink is hard, not easy to open, poor fluidity. For screen printing, the yield value is preferably small. The fabric pearlescent ink can generally be in the range of 200-280 dyn/cm2 (1 dyn=10-5N).
(3) Thixotropy Thixotropy refers to the fluidity of the ink after being stirred by an external force, but if the stirring is stopped, the fluidity becomes smaller again. Thixotropy ensures that the ink flows easily when it is transferred, and it fixes faster once it is printed on the print, thus ensuring the reproducibility of the print. Therefore, the ink must have a certain thixotropy. For screen printing inks, the thixotropy is not easy to be too large, and the external force received by the ink during transmission is relatively small. In order to ensure the ink to be printed smoothly, the viscosity before the thixotropy cannot be too large. If the thixotropic crack factor is tested at a viscometer rotation speed of 40 rpm and 70 rpm, the fabric pearlescent ink can generally be in the range of 38-62.
(4) Wire drawing Wire drawing property refers to the nature of ink drawn into silk, usually expressed in terms of the length of the ink. The longer ink flow and the traditional performance of ink is better, but for screen printing, the printing will appear many fine filaments on the printing surface of the screen and the printings, so that the printing and printing plates are dirty. Generally, the shortness of the ink of pearl ink in fabrics can be in the range of 6-8s-1.
Six, fabric pearl ink screen printing process
The printing process has a great influence on the quality of printed products. In order to ensure the printing quality, the printing process should match the performance of the ink. For pearlescent inks, the pigment particle size is relatively large, and care should be taken when selecting the number of screen meshes. In addition, other aspects such as printing pressure, printing speed, etc. are also different from other fabric printing.
1. The choice of screen mesh number
The mesh size of the screen has a large relationship with the aperture of the screen. The higher the mesh size, the smaller the screen aperture. The aperture of the screen is also related to the particle size of the ink pigment particles used in printing, so that the ink can be successfully printed from the printing plate to the print, and the mesh is not blocked on the screen. Generally, the screen aperture should be the largest pigment 1.5 to 2.5 times of the particles. However, it should be noted that the number of screen meshes is not as small as possible, and the images printed on screens with a low mesh number are too rough. Therefore, the mesh number should be appropriate when selecting a screen. Table 7 shows the relationship between pearlescent pigments and mesh size used in our experiments.
Table 7 Relationship between pearlescent pigments and mesh size
(1 inch = 2.5400 cm) Iriodin 3515 to 100 μm 150 to 250 μm 60 to 100 mesh/inch
In this experiment, 40 mesh/inch (1 inch = 2.5400 cm), 60 mesh/inch, and 80 mesh/inch screens were used to print the white ink formulated with Iriodin 163 and the yellow ink formulated with Iriodin 351 respectively. The results are shown in Table 8.
Table 8 Printing effects of inks with different pigments and screens with different mesh numbers
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