I. Introduction
Printing covers a very wide range, not only includes cultural paper printing supplies, such as books, magazines, newspapers, forms, catalogs, flyers, posters, cards, monthly calendars, calendars, etc., but also applies to packaging, billboards, The printing of patterns needed for daily necessities such as fabrics, and even the manufacture of circuit boards in the electronics industry also use printing technology. Due to the large number of items that use printing technology in daily life, many applied science engineering companies are attracted to enter the field of printed materials and technology in an attempt to create a new opportunity for the development of printing technology. In recent years, the wave of nanotechnology in the world has indeed made many scientists eager to try, or has already invested in research and development. But it is undeniable that nanotechnology is still a novel technology for the printing industry. The Printing Industry Technology Research Center (hereinafter referred to as the Research and Development Center) is a pioneer in domestic printing technology research, and should assume responsibility for printing technology research and development; and the research and development of nano-printing materials will be an important work item of the printing research center in the future One. At present, nanotechnology may not be widely used in the printing industry in China. Therefore, it is a very good idea to develop printing nanotechnology.
The following sections will describe the development of nanotechnology in printed materials, the positioning of the R & D center in nanotechnology research, research methods and future prospects.
Second, the development of nanotechnology on printed materials
At present, nanotechnology has made progress in printing materials, such as nano pigments, nano inks, and nano paper. Domestically, among the printing-related materials, the research and development of nano pigments has attracted the most attention recently. In the 2002 Taiwan International Printing Machinery Materials Conference, Xu Jingtian (2002) mentioned that the nano pigments developed by the laboratory at present, the main difference from traditional pigments is the size of the pigment particles. Zhang Yihe, Xu Jingtian and Xu Shichang stated in the article "Nanopigmentation, Dispersion and Application of Pigments" (2002) that through the improvement of wet dispersion technology, nano pigments have been made in Meiwen City in 1997; The Institute of Chemical Industry has also invested in the development of nanotechnology in pigment micronization, and in 2001 formally verified the feasibility and reproducibility of the production system in the laboratory.
In ink, in 1994, the American company XMX of Massachusetts obtained a patent for producing nano-scale uniform particle materials for ink; this patent is to use "nano metal particles can absorb all light waves to make themselves The characteristic of showing black and scattering light at the same time, this method is added to black ink to improve the purity and density of ink (Qi Cheng, 2002a). In addition, nano inks can also be used for printing in various aspects, such as conductive inks for printed circuit boards, magnetic nano toners for electrophotographic printing, UV inks containing nano-sized resins, inks for glass ceramics, and the use of nano particle luminescence Security printing (Qi Cheng, 2002b).
On paper, the current use of nanotechnology in the paper industry has begun to enter practical production. For example: Henan Yinge Company in mainland China and the Nanotechnology Research Institute of Central China Normal University have developed waterproof nanopaper, which is super hydrophobic and Special properties for moisture resistance, improved printed surface strength, and reduced expansion and contraction rate (Qi Cheng, 2003). As mentioned in the article "Nano Technology and Printing Paper" (Ko Liling, Qiu Meiqi, 2003), nano-level inorganic materials and surging inorganic layer materials have been successfully promoted and applied in the paper industry.
Nanotechnology is not limited to the research and development of pigments, inks, and paper. Other non-paper materials and printing plates can also be applied with nanotechnology. However, as far as the current research and development center is concerned, the ink and paper testing has been carried out for many years, and it has huge ink and paper data data. It is very confident in the analysis of the characteristics of ink and paper. Is the most appropriate approach. Therefore, the India Research Center and the research and development units of several consortia formed a nanocomposite research and development alliance in 1992, and the alliance conducted research and development on nano inks. At present, only a few domestic units or companies are developing nano-grade inks. Even for the world, nano-inks are still novel products; I believe that if successful, they will bring great shock to the ink and printing industries. In addition, the 93-year junior college work also joined the research on nano-paper and nano-ink to discuss the printing suitability. The term "printability" will be explained later.
3. The position of the Indian Research Center in nano R & D
The Printing and Research Center has been engaged in research on printing color since 1986. Today, the color field is still one of the research and development topics of the center. However, in order to expand the vision of the printing industry, the promotion or transformation of printing technology and materials is a necessary way. In terms of the structure of the printing industry, the market share of traditional lithography in China has become less dominant than in the past; on the contrary, various printing technologies have sprung up and applied to all walks of life. Therefore, the timing of the printing center's research and development of nano materials at this time is extremely appropriate and necessary.
"The Nano Age" (Edited by Yin Bangyue, 2003) quoted a passage from the National Science Foundation in 1991: "When we enter the 21st century, nanotechnology will have a major impact on the health, wealth and safety of people around the world. The impact is at least as great as that of antibiotics, integrated circuits, and synthetic polymers in the 20th century. "From the above paragraph, we can see the importance of nanotechnology in the future. In addition, the article "Investigation of Nanotechnology in the Chemical and Materials Industry" (Ma Zhenji et al., 2003) pointed out that the National Science Council had conducted an industrial survey on nanotechnology issues and was surveyed in 125 questionnaires. The types of companies are based on the proportion of traditional industries such as rubber, plastics and chemical industries, and 95% of the companies surveyed said that they have a demand for nano. This message made the colleagues of the Printing and Research Center optimistic about the prospects of nanomaterials used in the printing industry in the future, and they are more confident in the research and development of nanocomposites for printing. However, as far as the status of the printing and research center is concerned, there is a lack of manpower and material resources. How to complete the research and development of nano printing materials independently? To solve this problem, we must start with the central positioning problem. At present, the positioning of the Printing and Research Center is a research and development unit that promotes printing technology and guides the upgrading of traditional industries. It focuses on the solution of problems at the technical application level. Therefore, for nano materials, research and analysis will be conducted from the perspective of printing. The Indian Research Center will focus on whether the viscosity and anti-cleavage of the nano ink are suitable for printing; it also emphasizes the weather resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, high temperature, high humidity, high pressure and color presentation on its printed products; Nano paper will focus on characteristics such as basis weight, whiteness, smoothness, tear strength, and ink absorption. In the development of materials, the nano experts in the material industry will share this responsibility. Engaging in research and development work with this concept of professional division of labor is an extremely economical method.
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