RNA silencing refers to a phenomenon found in eukaryotes that is mediated by small RNAs (21-30nt) and causes the suppression of target gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. In plants, in addition to regulating their growth and development, RNA silencing also plays a very important role in plants' resistance to virus invasion. Some plant virus infections are often accompanied by satellite RNA replication and affect the pathogenicity of the helper virus in the host.
Under the support of the National Key Basic Research Development Program (973 Program) and other projects, the research group led by Guo Huishan, a researcher at the State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, silences plant RNA in host plants, auxiliary viruses, and satellite RNA. The in-depth study of the interaction regulation. In the early days, they cloned the small RNA of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) satellite RNA to explore the targeting effect of plant RNA silencing pathway on satellite RNA (Du et al., 2007. Journal of Virology). Further studies have found that satellite RNA can reduce the CMV-infected host disease by down-regulating the CMV-encoded RNA silencing suppressor protein (CMV-2b) (Hou et al., 2011. Molecular Plant Pathology).
Recently, through the study of the biological activity and function of satellite RNA small RNA, they discovered that a small RNA of satellite RNA (satsiR-12) targeted the 3'UTR of CMV RNA, triggering the plant-dependent RNA polymerase RDR6 antivirus Silencing effect; while CMV-2b protein has an inhibitory effect on satsiR-12-mediated down-regulation of RDR6-dependent viral RNA; competitive experiments with mutations and wild-type viruses further confirmed that under the conditions of natural infection of CMV The small RNA of satellite RNA is involved in RNA silencing to regulate the expression of helper viral RNA.
The research results were published online in the Journal of Virology (doi: 10.1128 / JVI.05806-11), an international journal of virology research.
This study is the first in the world to directly demonstrate that pathogen-derived small RNA is involved in regulating the biological function of viral RNA, revealing the complex interaction regulation mechanism of host-helper virus-satellite RNA at the level of RNA silencing, reflecting satellite RNA and its Synergistic evolution with helper viruses and hosts.
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