Application of Innovative Technology in Nano Packaging Printing (I)

In ancient China's four major inventions, except that gunpowder originated from ancient alchemy, the other three inventions can be attributed to ancient information technology. Papermaking and printing are among the great breakthroughs and great achievements of ancient information technology. It is an important prelude to the arrival of the Renaissance era. Marx is called "the three inventions that predict the arrival of bourgeois society." Qian Xuesen, a renowned scientist, believes that “the structure of nanometers and below and nanometers will be a key point in the development of science and technology in the next phase. It will be a technological revolution, which will lead to another industrial revolution in the 21st century.” Printing began on the date of its invention. For more than 500 years of "lead and fire," years of "light and electricity" have passed through the past century, and now it has entered the era of "number and network." Twenty years ago, Chinese scientists led China's printing industry to bid farewell to lead and fire, ushered in light and electricity, remotely published editions, color publishing, and digital printing systems, bid farewell to paper and pens, and ushered in digital networks. It has become another milestone for China's printing and publishing technology to lead the world. In the 1990s, high-fidelity printing has come to us quietly. Its outlets are between 10-20um, indicating that printed materials are not far from the nano level.

Using nanomaterials to make printing materials or adding nanomaterials to printing materials to make nanoinks, nanopaper, nanoprinters, and other nano-printing auxiliary materials can greatly improve print quality or produce special functions. Prints can bring another technological revolution to the printing industry after light and electricity.

At present, nanotechnology has emerged two methods for creating nanostructures, namely "top-down" and "bottom-up". Until now, all the various types of imprinting that we have discussed belong to the “top-down approach,” and the “bottom-up approach” is actually a molecular construction technique. The "top-down" approach uses a process similar to sculpting, such as electron-beam printing, which has reached near-atom-level accuracy. For a considerable period of time, the "top-down" approach is most likely the preferred method for building truly complex devices. Scanning probe microscopy meets the requirements of nano-imprinting in important aspects such as resolution, positioning accuracy, and manufacturability. Atomicity printing can be done with scanning probe microscopy. It can be concluded that nanotechnology is the result of printing diffusion thinking.

The nano-manufacturing process, especially the preparation of gold "nano-dots", is nothing new. Colors can be seen in the colorful glass windows of the medieval and Victorian churches; ancient pottery is painted with different color glazes, which are based on the nano-scale performance of the material is different from the macro-scale performance. In particular, nano-gold powder, according to different scales, will show orange, purple, red or green. In a sense, the first nanomanufacturer was actually a glass craftsman in front of a medieval forge, rather than a smart worker at a modern semiconductor plant. Obviously, the glazed workers did not understand why their treatment of gold made the gold appear different colors, but we now have a very clear understanding of the mysteries.

The research and development of nanotechnology has formed a new science and technology field between chemistry, physics, biology and electronic engineering. It is a science and technology based on many modern advanced science and technology. It is a combination of modern science and modern technology. The products will revolutionize the research and application of the original field, and will lead to a series of new science and technology. Nanotechnology will be integrated in almost all branches of contemporary technology. Undoubtedly, nano-packaging is no exception.

Application of Nanotechnology in Printing Industry
Printing of new materials. When a special surface treatment is adopted, two kinds of two-dimensional surfaces with different properties can be formed on the medium in a staggered manner, and the surface area of ​​each surface, and the “interface” of the two-phase structure, are present in the nanometer size. Super hydrophilic and super-lipophilic interfaces are created. It can be imagined that the resolution of prints in the future will be higher.

Due to the development of printing plates, the demand for ink will inevitably increase accordingly. At present, the technology of producing ultra-fine metal material “nano-metal powder” by DC arc plasma method has been realized, and it is an inevitable trend for nano-materials engineering to develop from the field of metal and semiconductor to various organic fields. When the effective preparation method of the ultrafine material is established and the problem of stability that prevails in the organic material is solved, the performance of the ink must have a leap forward. Packaging and printing materials mainly refer to PS board, paper, and ink. Due to the characteristics of nanotechnology, their printability will be greatly changed and they will better match the printing conditions. As we all know, the best roughness range of PS board is 450-650nm. It is conceivable how much nanotechnology impacts the performance of the PS version. The existence of printing, such as low printing resistance, uneven roughness, and the properties of the photosensitive liquid, will be resolved with the application of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is the latest technology for creating new packaging such as high-performance, high-efficiency ratio, and high-functionality, so nanocomposite packaging materials have strong development momentum and broad application prospects. For example, the addition of 10% nano (thermotropic liquid crystal polymer) to a high molecular polymer will increase the tensile strength of the material to 476 MPa, thereby greatly expanding the use of packaging materials.

The Theoretical Basis of Nano Packaging Printing
Nanometer packaging printing is a new discipline that intersects and integrates nanotechnology and packaging printing science. Its theoretical basis includes

(1) Nanotechnology must have two conditions: First, nanoscale size; second, new properties that are not found in nature. (2) The most powerful areas of research in nanotechnology are three categories: nanomaterials, nanodevices, and nanodetection and characterization. (3) Nanomaterials. After the ordinary materials are made into nanometer scale, there are extremely unique four major effects, namely small size effect or volume effect, surface effect and interface effect, quantum size effect, and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect. (4) The nanotechnology route and nanomanufacturing are the key technologies for achieving nanoscale states. There are two ways: First, Top-down and Bottom-up. (5) Nanomaterials science and nanofabrication are the two most basic disciplines in the packaging of nanotechnology.

The basic concept of nano packaging printing
The definition of nano packaging printing: Although there is no accurate definition of nano packaging printing, but from the perspective of nano science, nano packaging and printing refers to the use of nano-materials, nano-technology for packaging and printing products nano synthesis, nano addition, nano modification It is a general term for new physical properties of packaging and printing with nanostructures, dimensions, and specific functions.

Nano packaging printing has four elements: nano packaging and printing materials, nano packaging containers and printing carrier elements, nano packaging and printing technology elements, nano packaging and printing information elements.

Nano-packaged printing material: refers to a system of nano-composite packaging and printing materials made of particles or crystals with a dispersed phase size of 1 to 100 NM synthesized with or added to other packaging printing materials.

Nano-package printing research objects and tasks: Nano-package printing research content: nano-package printing technology (preparation method), nano-package printing materials, nano-package printing structure, nano-package printing machinery, nano-package printing test, nano-package printing theory , nano packaging and printing market. To study the movement state and laws of nano-packaged printing materials in the logistics process, the laws and preparation techniques of physical properties of nano-packaged printing materials, and to study the relationship between nano-package printing and multi-disciplines, so as to propose a brand-new concept of packaging and printing, and to improve and create new ones. Packaging and printing technology, packaging technology and decoration technology have shortened the process of engineering, industrialization and commercialization of existing packaging and printing companies and nano-package printing.

(to be continued)