In September 2012, the female donkey friend Guo Guo was so nearly killed through the battle. When she returned, she wrote a report of her own story of five days of being alone and shared her story with ALICE, which caused great repercussions. Do not rule out sudden changes in the weather is one of the reasons for her distress, but like many outdoor accidents like this case, we can not help but ask such questions: the leader should take on what responsibility? The responsibility here refers not to accountability after the incident but to the responsibility and competence of the leader. Two years later, outdoor accidents have only increased with the increase of outdoor population. Only two months after the May Day of this year, there have been nearly 10 accidents in outdoor activities across the country!
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Outdoor leader meaning
◆ As the saying goes: “The train runs fast and depends on the front.†In outdoor activities, we all need to lead the team. This point is beyond doubt. But what should the team leader do in the team? Who can be the leader of this team? Why do team members follow the team leader? Why do some players obey and some players disobey? Is the leader's ability to be born or trained? What is outdoor leadership? If you want to be a good leader, or want to play better outdoors, this series of questions is worth our attention and thinking.
â—† At least two thousand years ago, many philosophers started to debate the issues between the ruler and the ruled. As early as the 6th century BC, Chinese classical works were full of depictions of state leaders. Confucius advocates that leaders should set a moral example, and Taoist doctrine emphasizes that the success of a leader is directly proportional to his hard work (Bass 1990). These arguments all seem to tell us the outline of leadership, but it is more difficult to be a leader in outdoor activities because the outdoor environment is constantly changing, which requires the leader to change roles at any time to deal with various crises. , make appropriate judgments and decisions without much time for thinking.
◆ As the leader of outdoor activities, only having outdoor knowledge and skills is not enough. We all know that outstanding athletes are not necessarily good coaches. A successful outdoor activity not only requires the leader to have a strong outdoor ability, but also needs a strong organization and management ability. The key to successful outdoor activities lies in the leader’s leadership. In Organizational Behavior, leadership is defined as the ability to influence a group to achieve its goals. Based on this, we can say that the leader's ability to drive others to achieve goals in outdoor activities is outdoor leadership. This meaning itself puts high demands on the team leader. There are differences in the goals of each player in the team. It is necessary to unify all the people to direct the command. This requires strong leadership to support. A good leader sometimes tells others how to do it, but leadership is more than just indicating a direction. More often than not, it is necessary to encourage players to do the most needed things in the best possible way.
â—† Remember that in September 2011, we invited experts from the Weil Alpine Rescue Team of the United States to GSK to give lectures. During their lectures, Gao Yan, the speaker of the USA, had to advance down the hill seriously. We dispatched several students who were the most physically strong at that time to escort. Downhill, but just a few kilometers routed in a sudden drop Blizzard, got lost. Our team members couldn't communicate with Americans. There was a dispute between the two sides. I started to coordinate in the intercom and the Americans told me directly: "Their physical strength is great and their ability is very strong. It means that the leadership needs to be strengthened." This matter has made me think for a long time and also made me more aware of the outdoor leader.
â—† With the progress of mankind and the development of society, our desires are constantly expanding. Today's mountaineering concept and the purpose of mountaineering for the country by old generations who braved life and death decades ago have apparently been very different. We are enjoying the outdoor sports brought by climbing. While we are happy, we are also pursuing a high-quality experience. This undoubtedly puts new demands on the team leader. Therefore, the current mountaineering guides and outdoor leaders have gradually become marginalized when their customers are dragged to the top by their superior personal abilities. The needs of the players tend to be more in good communication, mutual care and respect...
Outdoor leader motivation
â—† Motivation is the intrinsic reason that drives oneself to act in order to accomplish some purpose. Then, as an outdoor leader, you must first ask yourself a question: Why do you lead a team? According to the results of the survey conducted during the training course, the motives of the outdoor team leader are as follows: happiness, sense of accomplishment, pride, making friends, and working needs. Each team leader has his own motivation and attitude. This is not right or wrong in itself. The key is that the team leader must know what he wants.
â—† Motivation can be one or several, and once it is established, it is your guide to behavior. In the outdoors, when you are in a critical situation or in a dilemma, it is your motivation that will help you make decisions and tell you what to do about it. But when your motives deviate from morality, mainstream, and are unacceptable to most people, you must be able to retreat and revisit and establish new motives again. So the motive is not a single belief, it is not immutable, it will be updated with your knowledge, broaden your knowledge, accumulate your experience, and eventually match your values.
â—† The internationally renowned mountain leader Roselle made an incredible decision in 2012 at the base camp of Everest's southern slope, canceling the climbing plan at Everest, Lhotse and Nuptse on the spot! The reason is that the temperature of Mount Everest has risen over the past year, and avalanche and falling rocks have continued during the road construction. Such a decision made many people puzzled, but his inner motivation told him that this was correct because his goal was to lead the customer to obtain the best experience. The sudden situation clearly deviated from his goal, although such a decision was made. Burials of climbing dreams for dozens of climbers were buried, but they can help players achieve more dreams with their lifetime. (Of course, this year's southern slope of Mount Qomolang, because of the unexpected disaster, stopped all climbs and reflected some of the motives.)
â—† I have seen a team leader encounter a rock wall on the way to the team. Many of the team members led the team to perform climbing. There is no lack of female team members who even cast their eyes on expectations. The final result was the accidental fall of the team leader. The rescued person. This is precisely the problem of motivation. At the moment of decision-making, the safety of the team and the team's goals were left behind, and the demonstration of their own vanity had the upper hand. Therefore, the leader must face all kinds of difficulties and choices, not only to face the challenges of the environment, but also to coordinate the relationship between the players, the mind must also bear in mind the next trip. Even though the leader must bear these loneliness and helplessness alone, this is the responsibility of the leader who is assigned to you.
â—† Good team leaders are very pleased with their own roles and will devote all their passions to the team leader. They are usually smart people who are full of smiles, willing to teach and bring endless joy to the players.
Outdoor leader responsibilities
â—† After setting up the right motive, the behavior of the leader must be constrained by responsibilities. This is the question of who is responsible for "responsibility". Whether it is a full-time or part-time leader, whether it is a commercial activity or an AA-based activity, as long as you lead a team, the leader and the participants form a contract. Although there is usually no written agreement, this contractual relationship is real. The recognition and trust of the participants in the team leader also means that the team leader has to bear a lot of responsibilities.
â—† The basic duties of an outdoor leader are summed up in four aspects, namely, minimization of risk, minimization of impact, maximization of learning, and maximization of happiness.
1. Risk minimization: Safeguarding the safety of the team is the top priority for the team leader. The first description of the role of the leader in the Mountaineering Bible is the security guard. The leader should always monitor the safety of the team and avoid any accidents such as injury or discomfort. We cannot predict dangers in our activities, but it is entirely possible to reduce risks to acceptable levels through effective leadership. The leader’s and team members’ own physical safety, property safety, food safety in the field, and fire safety should all be considered and responded to.
2. Minimize the impact: People meet with the mountain and always produce garbage. Even if we are very concerned about the fact that no individual or team outdoors can guarantee not to destroy the original appearance of nature, Lao Tzu wrote in his moral classics, “The Good Deed has no trace†and it seems to have told us the highest level in the outdoors. If there is no specific plan and action, the damage to nature will be unavoidable every time we travel. As the leader, one of our duties is to set an example and tell the team members how to conduct outdoor environmental protection (LNT rule) in order to make nature The impact is minimized. However, in terms of environmental protection, it is not allowed to be dogmatic. If an emergency requires rescue or rescue, the safety of the personnel is always the first priority. Environmental protection and other issues can be deferred for consideration.
3. Learning Maximization: The team leader must consider this issue after securing the first two points. After the team leader plans for any activity, he must start thinking about providing the team with opportunities for learning. Although learning is not the purpose of every outdoor trip, but through an outdoor activity, everyone gains experience while also learning some outdoor knowledge and skills, knowing some of the wild animals and plants, and even human geography, etc., this activity must be unforgettable.
4. Maximizing happiness: Many people participate in outdoor activities to relax and gain happiness. This happiness is due to relaxation, exercise and even challenges in the process of organizational activities. This is why more and more people choose outdoor as the main The reason for the leisure way. The goals of the team are of course important, such as peaking a mountain during the event, but when it comes to success, everyone can enjoy every moment of happiness, and this can be called a real success.
â—† The supervisory responsibilities of the above four areas seem to be simple, but it is not a matter on paper to completely understand and integrate into each organization's activities. This requires a good leader to thoroughly understand the connotations of these responsibilities, and has a wealth of experience, knowledge and skills to put these into practice. Therefore, even a very experienced leader must continue to learn to keep his normal state.
Outdoor leader's ability
â—† The team leader needs a solid foundation of capabilities to better demonstrate their leadership. The Apalachin Mountain Club (AMC) in the United States believes that the composition of the outdoor team leader is mainly composed of three aspects, namely technical ability, interpersonal ability and judgment ability. The specific components of these capabilities are shown in the table below:
â—† The ability of these three areas is like the three legs of a stool. The lack of any one will not work. What needs to be added is that the leader must also have good physical fitness. The team does not require the leader to have the best physical fitness, but the leader's physical ability must not be the worst. In the outdoor environment, there will be a lot of emergencies, such as the darkness has not yet reached the established camp, there are members of the injured, there is a lack of physical strength, such as the need to reduce the burden, such as these situations, who should stand up to play it? The team leader does not have to come out in charge, but the team leader must be able to pick up these. The previously mentioned wizard, Russell, once climbed the activities of Everest (North Slope). He always took command in the Beibei camp. When he was young, he even followed the team members to the summit. Imagine if the players are in danger. The leader can give you care and trust around you and help you face-to-face. The effect is self-evident.
â—† The leader's ability requires training. No one who is born is called the leader. The leader's ability is not grasped by reading the book. It requires a lot of practice to accumulate experience. The leader must not think that every event will be a smooth one. Even if you are prepared enough, unexpected situations will come. However, it is the difficulties and failures that can create a "perfect" leader. The leader must not only guide others, issue orders, but more importantly inspire others to do what they need to do in the best possible way.
Conclusion:
Leaders establish authority, can not rely on their own leader status, but to win the trust of players, which requires the leader and the players to share the same difficulties, set themselves up for the sake of the players, through the continuous experience of gradually forming their own style, and ultimately be recognized by everyone. This process may be long, but it doesn't matter, as long as it improves every time. Here we share with you the golden rule of the three leaders:
1. Never compromise with team members on security issues.
2, always appear when the team members need it most.
3. Make appropriate concessions to team members on non-principle issues.
The leader is not only a knowledge, but also an art. May all outdoor leaders follow the principles and shoulder the historical mission of the healthy development of our outdoor sports!
Attachment: Main Signs of Outdoor Leadership Professional Development
1786 - Michel-Gabriel Piccard made his first summit in Mont Blanc under the direction of his mountaineering guide, Jacques Balmat, which marked the start of the Golden Age of Mountaineering.
1861 - Frederick William Gunn, Founder and Principal of the Gunnery School for Boys School in Washington, CT, organized a two-week camping trip for students and pioneered camping activities.
1887 - The YMCA, under the direction of Sumner F. Dudley, established the first public campsite in the Orange Lake near Newburg, New York.
1902 - Laura Mattoon builds the first women's camp (Camp Kehonka).
1907 - Lord Robert Baden-Powell established the Boy Scout System in the United Kingdom.
1910 - William Boyce introduced the Boy Scout system to the United States.
1910 - The United States established the Camp Directors Association.
1911 - With the help of Baden-Powell, the first women's camp was established in England, the later Girl Scout System.
1912 - The Girl Scout System was introduced to the United States by Juliette Gordon Low and later known as Girl Scouts.
1926 - The Dude Ranchers' Association was established.
1929 - Paul Petzoldt founded the American Mountaineering Adventure School, now called Exum Climbing Guides.
1935 - The American Camp Directors Association officially became the American Camp Association.
1941 - Kurt Hahn founded the first Outward Bound School in Abbotville, Wales.
1962 - Josh Miner founded the Colorado Outreach Training School in the United States.
1965 - Paul Petzoldt founded the American National Outdoor Leadership School (NOLS).
1977 - Paul Petzoldt, Chuck Gregory, Robert Christie, and Frank Lupton co-founded the American Field Education Association (WEA).
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