Aminoglycoside antibiotics represented by kanamycin, streptomycin, etc., will develop resistance in clinical treatment. How this resistance is formed has always been a problem that scientists and clinicians are extremely concerned about. Fudan University announced on January 21st that the research team led by Alastair Murchie, a full-time British professor of Changjiang scholars at Shanghai Medical College and the researcher Chen Dongrong, after more than three years of hard work, finally found a pair of drug-resistant pathogens for the first time. A new type of "riboswitch" that has a major role in controlling the resistance of such antibiotics. The result was recently published in the latest issue of the international academic journal Cell.
The widespread use of human antibiotics has made the resistance of pathogenic bacteria increasingly serious. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are mainly used clinically to treat meningitis, pneumonia, bone and joint infections caused by "sensitive aerobic Gram-negative bacilli", but the two "destructive molecules" produced by these bacteria (ie, aminoglycoside acetyl (Transferase and aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase) can inactivate antibiotics, leading to antibiotic failure. In order to clarify how this drug resistance is formed, under the guidance of Alastair Murchie and Chen Dongrong, doctoral students Jia Xu and Zhang Jing, through a large number of biochemical and molecular biology experiments, discovered the existence of the above two "destruction molecules" encoding genes The riboswitch element can recognize aminoglycoside antibiotics "one-to-one" and induce the expression of corresponding resistance genes, leading to the emergence of drug resistance.
Relevant experts believe that this discovery expands the research area of ​​antibiotic resistance, and opens up a new research direction of antibiotic resistance, so that people have a new understanding of the mechanism of antibiotic resistance. In future practice, scientists can use the "destructive effect of ribose" to fundamentally solve the problem of bacterial resistance.
Alastair Murchie said that although a slight modification of existing drugs can barely control the current situation, in the long run, it is more attractive to develop new drugs that can target bacteria in new ways. It can maintain the original clinical efficacy of the drug, and is also expected to completely solve the problem of drug resistance through methods such as combined medication.
It is reported that the research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the "985 Project" of the Ministry of Education, and the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission.
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