[Abstract] This paper briefly describes the status quo of the packaging of general firearms of our army and the main existing problems, and puts forward the development countermeasures to improve the packaging of general firearms.
Keywords: general firearms; packaging status; countermeasures
Submachine guns, machine guns, etc., commonly known as general-purpose firearms, are light weapons in weapons and equipment, and have the characteristics of large consumption and large reserves. In order to adapt to the high suddenness and high mobility of modern warfare, it is required that the packaging of firearms can not only achieve good product protection, but also ensure that the products are in a good state of technology at all times, but also have good environmental adaptability and high reliability. With ease of use and maintenance, it improves the rapid logistics support capabilities of the force.
1 Current status and problems of our general firearms packaging
1. 1 Status of Our General Gun Packaging
The packaging of firearms is one of the important guarantees for the performance of firearms. The development of our military firearms packaging is very slow, and the overall level is far behind foreign gun-arms packaging technology. It is not able to achieve good packaging, handling, transportation, storage and use of firearms. "Five in one" design ideas and tactical principles, in particular, is difficult to meet the requirements of rapid replenishment and ease of use of modern warfare.
The development of our armed firearms has gone through four stages: copying, imitation, research, and independent innovation. At present, our military's gun design technology and manufacturing technology have basically reached the international advanced level. However, the packaging of firearms mainly follows the old packaging of tens of years ago. For decades, wooden box packaging remained the same. Only the inner packaging had some minor improvements. During the development of the firearms, the performance of heavy products and light packaging was very prominent. The packaging seriously lags behind the product development. Most boxes are wooden boxes. Filling the sealant at the joint is extremely inconvenient in the warehouse maintenance and unpacking inspection. Unpacking requires both special tools and time, and it is easy to damage the lid. The packaging structure is seriously unreasonable. Many of the inner packagings are still coated with oil and plastic film or kraft paper, and the card board is limited. The rust-proof performance is poor, and the buffer protection performance is not good. Many local firearms have had local rust soon after they leave the factory.
In recent years, the domestic emerging packaging industry has developed rapidly. A variety of excellent packaging insulation materials, cushioning materials, and wood substitute materials have been put into production in succession, providing necessary material conditions for moisture-proof sealed packaging and wood packaging for firearms. The use of firearms is being promoted and used, and engineering plastics, fiberglass and wood-based plastics are being gradually used as outer packagings for guns. Learn from foreign advanced technology, use soft composite plastic moisture-proof packaging bags for internal packaging, use foam as cushion material, and use vapor-phase rust-proof plastic film, vapor-phase rust-proof composite paper and other gas-phase storage technology for firearms and various types of light and heavy weapons. Rust seal packaging.
1. 2 Problems with Our Military General Firearm Packaging
1. 2. 1 Poor protection performance
The firearms are packed in wooden boxes. Thick oil seals still exist. The inner packaging is wrapped with plastic film and kraft paper. The moisture barrier and rust resistance are poor. The degreasing is very inconvenient, it does not provide good buffer protection, and the logistical support takes a long time. The troops brought a heavy burden and even delayed the fighter.
1. 2. 2 Low standardization
The current packaging structure and size of the Chinese firearms are extremely inconsistent. The manufacturers of firearms are different, and the sizes and packing weights (quantity) of the packing boxes and spare parts of different manufacturers of similar types of firearms are inconsistent, and the storage methods are also different. A similar situation occurred in the same year and the same batch of products. According to statistics, there are seven types of product boxes and spare parts boxes for the 67 -1 type 7.62mm heavy machine gun. The external dimensions of the packing box are 1360mm × 450mm × 330mm, 580mm × 510mm × 200mm, 850mm × 370mm × 340mm and 990mm × 450mm × 260mm, 1230mm × 380mm × 230mm, 178mm × 128mm × 56mm, 1060mm × 450mm × 260mm, the heaviest weight of the box is 84kg, the lightest attachment box is 1. 1kg. 77 Type 12. There are also 7 types of product boxes and spare parts boxes for 7mm high-strength machine guns. This situation brings a lot of inconvenience to handling, transportation, stacking operations, and warehouse service management. Not only is it labor-intensive, it has low work efficiency, and it cannot implement pallet assembly according to the requirements of the national military standard, which is not conducive to mechanized loading and unloading operations.
1. 2. 3 Maintenance, inconvenient use
Most of the guns' packaging boxes are packed in wooden boxes, with wooden screws or nails to connect the lids of the boxes, and the joints are filled with sealant. In the warehouse service inspection, not only special tools, but also time, but also easy to damage the lid, increased maintenance costs and time of the warehouse, some of the firearms packaging structure is unreasonable, such as the gun and accessories for class firearms are 10 It is very inconvenient for a branch or 20 sticks to be packed in a single box. With the oiled package, the troops need to spend a lot of time to remove oil, which is inconsistent with the high efficiency and quick and flexible mobility requirements of modern warfare.
1. 2. 4 Large wood resource consumption
Weapons packaging consumes about 600,000 m3 of high-quality wood each year. The consumption of wood for gun-packing is second only to ammunition packaging. China is a country with extremely depleted forest resources. The massive consumption of wood will inevitably aggravate the further deterioration of China's ecological environment. Wood needs to consume foreign exchange reserves. Moreover, most countries in the world attach importance to the protection of forest resources, and it is increasingly difficult to import timber.
1. 2. 5 Slow application of new technology
In the late 1970s, he had learned from foreign technology and developed a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor and a thin layer of anti-rust oil sealed semi-automatic rifle, 12. 7mm high-firing machine gun, obtained a successful process and technology experience, but this new rust-proof material and The storage process has not been universally applied. In the 1980s, the 81-gun family had proposed a series of firearms packaging solutions. The individual firearms were planned to use a single gas-phase sealed internal packaging, replacing the outer packaging wooden box with engineering plastics to facilitate distribution and management, with a view to comprehensively improving the quality of firearm packaging. Because there is no financial support, it is only on paper. According to the survey, currently China's gunry packaging wooden box thick oil seals accounted for roughly 50%, wooden boxes plus thin oil seals accounted for 28.6%, and wooden boxes plus plastic bags plus gas phase corrosion seals accounted for 21.4%.
2 Our General Firearm Packaging Development Strategy
2.1 Strengthening the Application of Various New Technologies in the Packaging of Guns
There are many deficiencies in the current firearms packaging of our military, and there is a big gap with advanced foreign developed countries. Many new packaging technologies that have been successfully developed have not been applied and promoted. In response to the current status of gun packaging, it actively conducts investigations and studies, learns advanced foreign technology and experience, attaches importance to the development of packaging materials, and develops composite materials, buffer materials, rust-proof materials, recycled plastics, and substitute wood materials that have excellent performance and low cost. Actively carry out optimized design of packaging structure, develop various new types of protective packaging technologies, and apply a variety of dry sealing and packaging technologies, vapor phase rust-proof packaging technology, envelope packaging technology, humidity control packaging technology, and various new functionalities such as anti-static and anti-electromagnetic waves. The packaging materials are specifically applied to the packaging of firearms, so that the firearms packaging can have good protection performance and environmental adaptability, and improve the level of our artillery packaging technology.
2. 2 Strengthen the Research of Pallet Container Packing Technology for Armor Packaging
The tray packaging technology of the firearms packaging is directly related to the manifestation of the logistics support ability of the troops. The palletized packaging has many features such as a large amount of loading, management, use convenience, and saving transportation costs. Many U.S. ammunition packages use palletizing technology. In order to improve the logistics support capabilities of our military, to meet the requirements of modern high-tech warfare, various palletizing technologies have been actively researched for the use of firearms packaging.
2. 3 Strengthening the Standardization and Serialization of Gun Packing
In response to the poor standardization of China's firearms packaging, we actively carried out serialization and standardization research of packaging to make our military firearms packaging uniform, enhance the operability and versatility of firearms packaging, and change the backward chaos of current firearms packaging. Will have realistic significance and significant military and economic benefits.
3 Conclusion
With the development of the current new military revolution, higher requirements have been put forward for military logistics support capabilities. Weaponry packaging plays a decisive role in the logistics support of modern warfare. As a kind of light weapons with large consumption and large reserves, general-purpose firearms should meet the requirements of “five-in-one†packaging, loading, unloading, transportation, storage and use. Based on the status quo and existing problems of our general-purpose firearms packaging, we will follow advanced foreign technologies and focus on the future. We will start with materials research, optimization of structural design, system technology integration, and other aspects. We will seek improvements in packaging to further improve the quality and integration of our armed firearms packaging. The system benefits have far-reaching significance and is also an important scientific research topic for China's light weapons and equipment.
Source: Packaging Engineering, Issue 3, 2005
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