Second, waterless printing and water printing
The blank part of the plate with water offset printing is covered with fountain solution to prevent ink adhesion. In contrast, the blank part of the waterless offset printing plate is silicone rubber instead of fountain solution to prevent the ink from sticking. Compare the two printing plates. Cross-section shows that the pattern part of the offset printing plate is slightly higher than the surface of the plate base. Therefore, the plate plate actually has a plano-planar structure in terms of precise meaning. The non-horizontal plate has a concave-convex plate structure due to the depression of the pattern.
The equipment and materials necessary for waterless offset printing are the same as those for waterborne offset printing, except that the developing materials and inks are used exclusively. For the printing medium, it has positive and negative patterns as well as the PS version. In the case of pattern plate, the positive image film is tightly affixed to the plate surface to make it exposed, and the silicone rubber layer of the non-graphic pattern portion has increased adhesive force with the underlying photosensitive layer due to optical adhesion, and the pattern portion ( The unexposed portion of the silicone rubber layer has a lower adhesion to the underlying photosensitive layer, so that the layer of the silicone rubber layer of the pattern portion can be peeled off by a special automatic developing machine. This pre-processing process of the special automatic developing machine aims to The adhesive strength between the unexposed portion of the silicone rubber layer and the photosensitive layer is further reduced; the developing process is aimed at using water as a lubricant to brush off the layer of the silicone rubber which is not sticky; the post-treatment process is If the pattern is dyed to produce a printing plate or a water-based offset printing process, the management and adjustment of the fountain solution will have an important influence on the quality of the printed matter and the printing stability. Under normal circumstances, it is expected that the printing plate will not be dirty. Finish printing with as little fountain solution as possible Brush, because the fountain solution will emulsify the ink and reduce the ink concentration, dot tone reduction bad. Ink ability to reduce Therefore, in order to control and manage the fountain solution, must have a certain amount of experience and judgment.
Particular attention should be paid to the phenomenon of dirty plate and phenomenon of adhesion of the plate. Among them, the phenomenon of dirty plate is caused by the increase of the plate surface temperature during the printing. When the plate surface temperature rises to a high level, the viscosity of the ink will decrease and the adhesion force will increase. The surface of the silicone layer, however, should also prevent the surface temperature of the printing plate from being too low, which will increase the viscosity of the ink and reduce the ink receptivity, resulting in a reduction in the sharpness of the pattern edge and the like. Therefore, it is desirable to maintain the plate surface temperature at a higher level than the resulting plate. The state of slightly lower temperature F printing
Third, special printing
Recently, the printing industry began to use non-printable substrates for printing. The printed materials show special printing effects. This is a special printing set for use in special circumstances. There are many types of special printing.
I. Ultraviolet (UV) Printing
This is a printing method that uses ultraviolet rays to irradiate ink to dry it. The ink used is an ultraviolet drying ink. This ink, once irradiated with ultraviolet rays, will harden iHl and the ink film will have a high strength, so it is inexpensive to use. Printing of paper packaging equipment with paper lining lining: Non-absorbing synthetic paper requires fast drying; plastic printing; business form printing; and the requirement for a harder metal ink film printing process is more applicable to its shortcomings. The special solvent in the UV ink will produce swelling effect on the printing plate and roller. Therefore, special equipment must be used. 1 The ink is expensive and has poor preservation, but also its inadequacies
2. Spice printing
Most of these types of printing are used in cosmetics advertisements because adding a suitable scent to a pattern increases the added value of the print. This fragrance ink is made by directly mixing the fragrance in the ink. The appearance is similar to ordinary ink but its inexpensive fragrance. The effect, but lasting longer, is that the fragrance of the ink is encapsulated and packaged in microcapsules. When the printed matter is used, the fragrance is slowly overflowed due to the breakage of the microcapsules by hand or other forms.
3. Fluorescent and storage printing
The ink absorbs ultraviolet light, causes it to receive visible light, causes a wavelength change, and reflects fluorescence. This type of ink is used for printing. This is called a fluorescent printing ink. After exposure to light, the dark part of the ink can store light energy and print it with this ink. It is known as the two kinds of printing products such as light-storing printing. The visual effect is better. Therefore, posters and covers are printed by such processes.
However, fluorescent pigments and light-storing pigments are expensive, and the printability of the ink is poor. To increase the color effect and visual effect, the ink layer must be thickened. Generally speaking, such inks have poor light resistance, and they must be used with caution. The environmental issues of this kind of prints. In addition, in order to further improve the visual effect of prints, pearlescent inks (pearlescent inks) should be used for pearlescent printing.
4. Uplift printing
The printing process is mainly used for printing such as braille embossing, and the printing pattern is fully or partially convex, and has a visual effect and a feeling effect. When printing, a foaming agent that will make the printing pattern convex is used and foamed after heating. The agent swells so that the pattern protrusion (foam printing) can also sprinkle the resin powder on the printed pattern portion, and then heat and melt it until it adheres to the pattern and cools and solidifies it. , as well as embossing on the back of the print.
In general, foam printing and stamper printing are inexpensive, but the amount of patterning is small, and the durability is low. Although the above-mentioned disadvantages can be overcome by the resin powder printing process, the process is complicated and the price is expensive. Therefore, an appropriate method should be selected according to the purpose of use.
5. OCR (optical character recognition device), OMR (optical sign recognition device) printing
recent. Has begun to use computer Icheon OCR and OMR to transfer cheques, voucher and other types of bills processing using these devices when there are two ways to write flat characters and print characters to write the line is usually printed with ordinary ink. But read In case of mistake, the printing method can be misidentified, but the person can recognize the ink (printing ink color) that cannot be recognized by the device. Since the usable color is limited to the sensitive area of ​​the OCR device used, the color selection must be emphasized. In addition, due to the color change of the printing ink on the printing day, the contamination of the printing paper will cause misunderstanding, and it is necessary to strengthen the management in particular.
6. High-precision, magnetic screen printing
In the existing flat-printing dot resolution, the resolution is increased to 175L mainly to 300L or more. It is called high-precision printing and magnetic screen printing is to design the network from a very fine rule point, without size Through the increase or decrease of the number of dots to achieve the reduction of the tone.
Since the digital reduction capability of the fine point portion of the high-definition printing is enhanced, corrugation or the like where the regular overlapping of the color dots does not occur, thus eliminating the trouble of correction. High-precision magnetic screen printing achieves expectations The same effect, however, due to the extremely small slave network, the technical requirements for the plate printing process are extremely high.
7. High-sensitivity printing (6 to 7 colors)
Usually, printing is performed by three primary colors: magenta, cyan, and yellow. Plus black. Subtractive color. Four-color printing. Green is made by the combination of green and yellow colors. However, in the actual printing, the ink is printed first, such as cyan. ) Not yet ten, then the next color is superimposed on it (for example, yellow). In this way, the ink cannot be completely transferred to the bottom color (poorly superposed), so that it is difficult to restore a vivid green color.
In addition, in order to expand the range of color reproduction, printing on the basis of the four-color printing process adds three colors of red, green, and blue to become seven-color printing, and on the basis of the four-color printing process, it is printed with orange and green. When coloring and becoming a six-color printing, it is necessary to pay attention when performing this printing process. It is necessary to carefully select the state of the dots of each color. Careful analysis of 6-7 colors is particularly important in selecting the dot state to avoid the occurrence of moiré and other phenomena ( Such as magnetic screen, etc.)
In addition, high-concentration inks are used to extend the high-density printing of the dot-tone range; in order to take into consideration the fact that printed matters for outdoor use must have super lightfastness, ultra-lightfast printing using ultra-lightfast ink, UV-absorbing ink, and the like have recently been taken into consideration for environmental protection issues. Non-wood paper, so that the use of soybean oil ink (soybean ink, all kinds of printing to carry out these special printing all require different degrees of chemical technology and technical level for this purpose, the use of the first to understand the characteristics of various special printing and The effect, the added value of the printed matter, the difference in the cost, the difference in the quality of the pattern, etc. are used to make the correct choice.
Source: Print Chemicals Network
The blank part of the plate with water offset printing is covered with fountain solution to prevent ink adhesion. In contrast, the blank part of the waterless offset printing plate is silicone rubber instead of fountain solution to prevent the ink from sticking. Compare the two printing plates. Cross-section shows that the pattern part of the offset printing plate is slightly higher than the surface of the plate base. Therefore, the plate plate actually has a plano-planar structure in terms of precise meaning. The non-horizontal plate has a concave-convex plate structure due to the depression of the pattern.
The equipment and materials necessary for waterless offset printing are the same as those for waterborne offset printing, except that the developing materials and inks are used exclusively. For the printing medium, it has positive and negative patterns as well as the PS version. In the case of pattern plate, the positive image film is tightly affixed to the plate surface to make it exposed, and the silicone rubber layer of the non-graphic pattern portion has increased adhesive force with the underlying photosensitive layer due to optical adhesion, and the pattern portion ( The unexposed portion of the silicone rubber layer has a lower adhesion to the underlying photosensitive layer, so that the layer of the silicone rubber layer of the pattern portion can be peeled off by a special automatic developing machine. This pre-processing process of the special automatic developing machine aims to The adhesive strength between the unexposed portion of the silicone rubber layer and the photosensitive layer is further reduced; the developing process is aimed at using water as a lubricant to brush off the layer of the silicone rubber which is not sticky; the post-treatment process is If the pattern is dyed to produce a printing plate or a water-based offset printing process, the management and adjustment of the fountain solution will have an important influence on the quality of the printed matter and the printing stability. Under normal circumstances, it is expected that the printing plate will not be dirty. Finish printing with as little fountain solution as possible Brush, because the fountain solution will emulsify the ink and reduce the ink concentration, dot tone reduction bad. Ink ability to reduce Therefore, in order to control and manage the fountain solution, must have a certain amount of experience and judgment.
Particular attention should be paid to the phenomenon of dirty plate and phenomenon of adhesion of the plate. Among them, the phenomenon of dirty plate is caused by the increase of the plate surface temperature during the printing. When the plate surface temperature rises to a high level, the viscosity of the ink will decrease and the adhesion force will increase. The surface of the silicone layer, however, should also prevent the surface temperature of the printing plate from being too low, which will increase the viscosity of the ink and reduce the ink receptivity, resulting in a reduction in the sharpness of the pattern edge and the like. Therefore, it is desirable to maintain the plate surface temperature at a higher level than the resulting plate. The state of slightly lower temperature F printing
Third, special printing
Recently, the printing industry began to use non-printable substrates for printing. The printed materials show special printing effects. This is a special printing set for use in special circumstances. There are many types of special printing.
I. Ultraviolet (UV) Printing
This is a printing method that uses ultraviolet rays to irradiate ink to dry it. The ink used is an ultraviolet drying ink. This ink, once irradiated with ultraviolet rays, will harden iHl and the ink film will have a high strength, so it is inexpensive to use. Printing of paper packaging equipment with paper lining lining: Non-absorbing synthetic paper requires fast drying; plastic printing; business form printing; and the requirement for a harder metal ink film printing process is more applicable to its shortcomings. The special solvent in the UV ink will produce swelling effect on the printing plate and roller. Therefore, special equipment must be used. 1 The ink is expensive and has poor preservation, but also its inadequacies
2. Spice printing
Most of these types of printing are used in cosmetics advertisements because adding a suitable scent to a pattern increases the added value of the print. This fragrance ink is made by directly mixing the fragrance in the ink. The appearance is similar to ordinary ink but its inexpensive fragrance. The effect, but lasting longer, is that the fragrance of the ink is encapsulated and packaged in microcapsules. When the printed matter is used, the fragrance is slowly overflowed due to the breakage of the microcapsules by hand or other forms.
3. Fluorescent and storage printing
The ink absorbs ultraviolet light, causes it to receive visible light, causes a wavelength change, and reflects fluorescence. This type of ink is used for printing. This is called a fluorescent printing ink. After exposure to light, the dark part of the ink can store light energy and print it with this ink. It is known as the two kinds of printing products such as light-storing printing. The visual effect is better. Therefore, posters and covers are printed by such processes.
However, fluorescent pigments and light-storing pigments are expensive, and the printability of the ink is poor. To increase the color effect and visual effect, the ink layer must be thickened. Generally speaking, such inks have poor light resistance, and they must be used with caution. The environmental issues of this kind of prints. In addition, in order to further improve the visual effect of prints, pearlescent inks (pearlescent inks) should be used for pearlescent printing.
4. Uplift printing
The printing process is mainly used for printing such as braille embossing, and the printing pattern is fully or partially convex, and has a visual effect and a feeling effect. When printing, a foaming agent that will make the printing pattern convex is used and foamed after heating. The agent swells so that the pattern protrusion (foam printing) can also sprinkle the resin powder on the printed pattern portion, and then heat and melt it until it adheres to the pattern and cools and solidifies it. , as well as embossing on the back of the print.
In general, foam printing and stamper printing are inexpensive, but the amount of patterning is small, and the durability is low. Although the above-mentioned disadvantages can be overcome by the resin powder printing process, the process is complicated and the price is expensive. Therefore, an appropriate method should be selected according to the purpose of use.
5. OCR (optical character recognition device), OMR (optical sign recognition device) printing
recent. Has begun to use computer Icheon OCR and OMR to transfer cheques, voucher and other types of bills processing using these devices when there are two ways to write flat characters and print characters to write the line is usually printed with ordinary ink. But read In case of mistake, the printing method can be misidentified, but the person can recognize the ink (printing ink color) that cannot be recognized by the device. Since the usable color is limited to the sensitive area of ​​the OCR device used, the color selection must be emphasized. In addition, due to the color change of the printing ink on the printing day, the contamination of the printing paper will cause misunderstanding, and it is necessary to strengthen the management in particular.
6. High-precision, magnetic screen printing
In the existing flat-printing dot resolution, the resolution is increased to 175L mainly to 300L or more. It is called high-precision printing and magnetic screen printing is to design the network from a very fine rule point, without size Through the increase or decrease of the number of dots to achieve the reduction of the tone.
Since the digital reduction capability of the fine point portion of the high-definition printing is enhanced, corrugation or the like where the regular overlapping of the color dots does not occur, thus eliminating the trouble of correction. High-precision magnetic screen printing achieves expectations The same effect, however, due to the extremely small slave network, the technical requirements for the plate printing process are extremely high.
7. High-sensitivity printing (6 to 7 colors)
Usually, printing is performed by three primary colors: magenta, cyan, and yellow. Plus black. Subtractive color. Four-color printing. Green is made by the combination of green and yellow colors. However, in the actual printing, the ink is printed first, such as cyan. ) Not yet ten, then the next color is superimposed on it (for example, yellow). In this way, the ink cannot be completely transferred to the bottom color (poorly superposed), so that it is difficult to restore a vivid green color.
In addition, in order to expand the range of color reproduction, printing on the basis of the four-color printing process adds three colors of red, green, and blue to become seven-color printing, and on the basis of the four-color printing process, it is printed with orange and green. When coloring and becoming a six-color printing, it is necessary to pay attention when performing this printing process. It is necessary to carefully select the state of the dots of each color. Careful analysis of 6-7 colors is particularly important in selecting the dot state to avoid the occurrence of moiré and other phenomena ( Such as magnetic screen, etc.)
In addition, high-concentration inks are used to extend the high-density printing of the dot-tone range; in order to take into consideration the fact that printed matters for outdoor use must have super lightfastness, ultra-lightfast printing using ultra-lightfast ink, UV-absorbing ink, and the like have recently been taken into consideration for environmental protection issues. Non-wood paper, so that the use of soybean oil ink (soybean ink, all kinds of printing to carry out these special printing all require different degrees of chemical technology and technical level for this purpose, the use of the first to understand the characteristics of various special printing and The effect, the added value of the printed matter, the difference in the cost, the difference in the quality of the pattern, etc. are used to make the correct choice.
Source: Print Chemicals Network
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