[Abstract] This paper, based on a comprehensive survey of the content of packaging waste in municipal solid waste, elaborates the harms of packaging waste on the environment and society and the significance of comprehensive management, and studies the practical and feasible technical methods for the recycling of packaging waste. , And scientifically put forward measures for comprehensive treatment of packaging waste.
[Keywords] packaging waste, white pollution, comprehensive management, packaging is to protect the product in the circulation process, facilitate storage and transportation, promote sales, according to a certain technical method of the use of containers, materials and auxiliary materials, such as the overall name. Also included are operational activities such as the application of certain technical methods in the process of using containers, materials and aids for the above purposes.
Packing waste refers to the loss or completion of the function of maintaining the original value and use value of the contents, and becomes the packaging container and material for discarding solid waste. Comprehensive treatment of packaging waste refers to the disposal of packaging waste (that is, reducing the amount of waste generated. The volume of packaging waste, etc.) and utilization (ie, activities that are extracted from packaging waste or converted into available resources and Other raw materials through recycling, processing, etc.).
I. Content of packaging waste in municipal solid waste Packaging containers When it loses or completes the function of maintaining the original value and use value of the contents, it will become a solid waste to join the ranks of garbage. According to statistics, the United States produces 150 million tons of domestic garbage each year; in recent years, the amount of municipal solid waste in China has reached 150 million tons. . Take Shanghai and Guangzhou as an example, Shanghai has already produced about 10,000 tons of municipal solid waste in Japan, and Guangzhou has produced more than 5,000 tons of municipal solid waste in Japan (see Table 1 and Table 2 for details). About 1/3 to 1/2 of these municipal solid wastes are packaging waste. For example, packaging waste in the United States accounted for about 33% of municipal solid waste, Japan accounted for about 40%, EU countries accounted for about 30% to 50%, and China accounted for about 30% to 40% (see Table 3 and Table 4 for details). Table 1 Estimated per capita emission of urban garbage in certain countries in the world United States United Kingdom France Germany Netherlands Switzerland China emissions (kg/year) 820320270350210250440 Table 2 Annual per capita emissions of Guangzhou municipal solid waste per year (annual) Emissions per day (10,000 tons) Quantity (tons) Annual per capita (kg/year) 19868723842381993154.642365071999198.65441588 Table 3 Major packaging waste content of urban domestic waste in certain countries of the world Item United States United Kingdom France Germany Netherlands Switzerland China Plastics content (%) 52.543433 Paper content (%) 40383 2828 4545 Metal content (%) 9987351.2 Glass content (%) 99894451.4 Others content (%) 4741.54653584284.4 Table 4 Major packaging wastes in Guangzhou municipal solid waste Content Year Plastic (%) Paper (%) Metal (%) Glass (% ) Others (%) 19865.02.30.71.291.819938.64.50.72.28419998.08.81.23.378.7
Second, the hazards of packaging waste and the significance of comprehensive management Packaging waste has seriously polluted the environment, affecting the industrial and agricultural production, harming human health and the survival of animals and plants. Taking plastic packaging waste as an example, the world’s annual plastic output has exceeded 10,000 tons, of which 30% is used for packaging. Most of these packaging products have been used as a solid waste due to its light weight and large size. With a large quantity, it is difficult to be degraded, and it cannot be incinerated at will. Most of them are discarded in the railways, inland waters, and streets of towns and cities. Over time, it has become a shocking "white pollution" belt. According to the investigation of relevant departments, Shanghai annually ranks the environment. The total amount of waste plastics is 290,000 tons, including disposable foaming tableware, which is 673 million, weighing 3,363 tons, Beijing daily waste 12,000 tons, plastic waste 360 ​​tons, Guangzhou daily waste about 5,000 tons, plastic garbage Accounted for 755 tons.
We must adopt appropriate scientific methods to make comprehensive use of packaging waste, not only to save a lot of resources and energy, but also to reduce the damage caused by the mining of mines, the tree felling to the bad environment and ecological balance.
Packaging waste is not "waste" and is the "second resource" to be developed. The key is that people should attach great importance to the comprehensive treatment of packaging waste, and pay close attention to it as a system engineering project.
III. Recycling of packaging waste There are three ways to recycle and recycle packaging waste: one is recycling and the other is recycled; the other is regeneration of the second furnace; and the third is development of products.
(1) Recycling of plastic packaging wastes 1. Recycling and recycling of waste PVC 1 Direct reuse of recycled PVC recycled and recycled products should be based on different types of additives to meet usage requirements. The formula is shown in Table 5. Table 5 Waste Polyvinyl Chloride Recycled Material Formula Material Soft Rigid Flexible Foam
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[Keywords] packaging waste, white pollution, comprehensive management, packaging is to protect the product in the circulation process, facilitate storage and transportation, promote sales, according to a certain technical method of the use of containers, materials and auxiliary materials, such as the overall name. Also included are operational activities such as the application of certain technical methods in the process of using containers, materials and aids for the above purposes.
Packing waste refers to the loss or completion of the function of maintaining the original value and use value of the contents, and becomes the packaging container and material for discarding solid waste. Comprehensive treatment of packaging waste refers to the disposal of packaging waste (that is, reducing the amount of waste generated. The volume of packaging waste, etc.) and utilization (ie, activities that are extracted from packaging waste or converted into available resources and Other raw materials through recycling, processing, etc.).
I. Content of packaging waste in municipal solid waste Packaging containers When it loses or completes the function of maintaining the original value and use value of the contents, it will become a solid waste to join the ranks of garbage. According to statistics, the United States produces 150 million tons of domestic garbage each year; in recent years, the amount of municipal solid waste in China has reached 150 million tons. . Take Shanghai and Guangzhou as an example, Shanghai has already produced about 10,000 tons of municipal solid waste in Japan, and Guangzhou has produced more than 5,000 tons of municipal solid waste in Japan (see Table 1 and Table 2 for details). About 1/3 to 1/2 of these municipal solid wastes are packaging waste. For example, packaging waste in the United States accounted for about 33% of municipal solid waste, Japan accounted for about 40%, EU countries accounted for about 30% to 50%, and China accounted for about 30% to 40% (see Table 3 and Table 4 for details). Table 1 Estimated per capita emission of urban garbage in certain countries in the world United States United Kingdom France Germany Netherlands Switzerland China emissions (kg/year) 820320270350210250440 Table 2 Annual per capita emissions of Guangzhou municipal solid waste per year (annual) Emissions per day (10,000 tons) Quantity (tons) Annual per capita (kg/year) 19868723842381993154.642365071999198.65441588 Table 3 Major packaging waste content of urban domestic waste in certain countries of the world Item United States United Kingdom France Germany Netherlands Switzerland China Plastics content (%) 52.543433 Paper content (%) 40383 2828 4545 Metal content (%) 9987351.2 Glass content (%) 99894451.4 Others content (%) 4741.54653584284.4 Table 4 Major packaging wastes in Guangzhou municipal solid waste Content Year Plastic (%) Paper (%) Metal (%) Glass (% ) Others (%) 19865.02.30.71.291.819938.64.50.72.28419998.08.81.23.378.7
Second, the hazards of packaging waste and the significance of comprehensive management Packaging waste has seriously polluted the environment, affecting the industrial and agricultural production, harming human health and the survival of animals and plants. Taking plastic packaging waste as an example, the world’s annual plastic output has exceeded 10,000 tons, of which 30% is used for packaging. Most of these packaging products have been used as a solid waste due to its light weight and large size. With a large quantity, it is difficult to be degraded, and it cannot be incinerated at will. Most of them are discarded in the railways, inland waters, and streets of towns and cities. Over time, it has become a shocking "white pollution" belt. According to the investigation of relevant departments, Shanghai annually ranks the environment. The total amount of waste plastics is 290,000 tons, including disposable foaming tableware, which is 673 million, weighing 3,363 tons, Beijing daily waste 12,000 tons, plastic waste 360 ​​tons, Guangzhou daily waste about 5,000 tons, plastic garbage Accounted for 755 tons.
We must adopt appropriate scientific methods to make comprehensive use of packaging waste, not only to save a lot of resources and energy, but also to reduce the damage caused by the mining of mines, the tree felling to the bad environment and ecological balance.
Packaging waste is not "waste" and is the "second resource" to be developed. The key is that people should attach great importance to the comprehensive treatment of packaging waste, and pay close attention to it as a system engineering project.
III. Recycling of packaging waste There are three ways to recycle and recycle packaging waste: one is recycling and the other is recycled; the other is regeneration of the second furnace; and the third is development of products.
(1) Recycling of plastic packaging wastes 1. Recycling and recycling of waste PVC 1 Direct reuse of recycled PVC recycled and recycled products should be based on different types of additives to meet usage requirements. The formula is shown in Table 5. Table 5 Waste Polyvinyl Chloride Recycled Material Formula Material Soft Rigid Flexible Foam
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