Centralized system and decentralized box (top)

Since the middle of the 90s of the last century, there has been a practice of “centralized manufacturing and decentralized manufacturing” in the carton industry. Nearly 10 years have passed, and a few provinces and cities have done a better job of organizing and coordinating the industry. They think that it is the direction and trend of the development of the carton industry. However, in most provinces and cities, there is not much movement. In some places, large companies even think that the supply of small businesses has taken a detour.
The historical background put forward after reform and opening up, with the rapid development of China's economy, the packaging industry has developed rapidly. The carton, as a transportation packaging and sales packaging for many products, has a greater weight and prominent position in the development of the packaging industry. . Especially in the middle and late 1980s and the mid-1990s, it can be said that the number has grown rapidly from low to high, from small to large, and from low to high. The rapid development of the carton industry in the past 10 years has mainly manifested itself in several aspects:
First, collectives (including township and village enterprises and street enterprises), joint-stock companies, and individual small and medium-sized carton enterprises have increased year by year. Second, foreign-owned and Chinese-foreign joint venture carton companies have been increasing year by year in the mainland, especially in coastal areas. These enterprises use advanced foreign equipment and scientific operation mechanisms, bringing about high production efficiency. Some of these enterprises' products are directly exported, and most of them are occupying market share in China. Third, in order to meet the needs of the market competition, state-owned and old enterprises have carried out technical reforms. There is no production line on the production line, there is a line on the second line, a three-tier line on the five-layer line, there is a domestic line to Introduce foreign lines. This situation has also promoted the development of corrugated box manufacturers in China. Domestic cardboard production lines have quickly grown from dozens to hundreds and thousands.
It should be pointed out that in the market competition, small and medium-sized carton enterprises do not invest much, and some are not blindly launched in accordance with the needs of economic development in the region. In some provinces in Jiangsu and Guangdong, there are dozens of carton enterprises in an area. Even a few hundred. In order to avoid this situation and strengthen the management of the industry, the relevant state departments have issued carton production licenses to about 6,000 enterprises in the mid-1990s.
There is also the problem of blindly loading board production lines at the same time as the carton companies blindly launch. A domestic production line of 2 million to 4 million yuan, import lines are between 6 million to 9 million. Some companies have little market share. The purchase of advanced production lines has increased costs, the operating rate is extremely low, and some even reach less than 30%. Some enterprises' profits are not even enough to pay interest on technological transformation loans. As the words circulating in the company at the time "If you do not engage in technological reforms, you must wait for the death, and if you engage in technological reforms, you will seek death."
Centralized boarding and decentralized boxing were proposed in such a situation. It should be said that this argument was originally proposed mainly to solve the problem of the low operating rate of large corrugated board production lines.
To do a good job is good for both sides, "centralized system, decentralized boxing" this method is good for large companies, small businesses are beneficial, can be described as a win-win strategy. For large companies, it is obvious that the operating rate of corrugated board production lines can be increased to make up for the lack of business. It should be said that there are many advantages for small and medium-sized carton companies. First, it can save the purchase of equipment for the previous process; The personnel required for the previous processes have reduced expenses; the third is the direct purchase of cardboard boxes, which can greatly reduce the losses during the production of cardboard. The combination of these three items is to reduce production costs. The fourth and most important point is to use the cardboard of large factories to ensure the stability of product quality, improve the competitiveness of products in the market, and have a stable group of customers. From an industry perspective, it should be said that the overall level of the carton industry can be promoted and promoted.
It is Shanghai that first proposed and promoted centralized manufacturing and decentralized manufacturing in China. A few days ago, the reporter interviewed Wang Zhixing, secretary general of Shanghai Paper Container Packaging Committee, on this issue.
Shanghai is a large industrial city. After the reform and opening up, as multinational corporations and foreign companies poured into the Shanghai market, it promoted the development of the carton and carton packaging industry in Shanghai. In the past ten years, the number of carton manufacturers in Shanghai has grown to nearly 700, 80. Large and medium-sized enterprises have more than 100 imported and domestic corrugated board production lines. The market competition and the excessive number of tile lines have led to a low operating rate for many large and medium-sized companies. The survey conducted by the Association in 1997 was only about 42%.
On the one hand, there is a lack of equipment operation rate for large enterprises. On the one hand, the equipment of small enterprises is behind and the quality of products is low. In the face of these two major contradictions, in the mid-1990s, the municipal trade associations came forward and raised the issue of improving the quality level of the entire carton industry through “centralized board making and decentralized box making”. It should be said that Shanghai's practice is a kind of cooperation of division of labor within the industry. To this end, the association has done a lot of work: convene a variety of forums, listen to the views of different companies; summarize and promote some of the first successful experience in buying cardboard companies from large companies; connect companies for cooperation; coordinate the prices of both suppliers and buyers.
After several years of efforts, the carton industry in Shanghai has basically adopted a new production pattern of centralized manufacturing and decentralized manufacturing through internal production restructuring. At present, more than 95% of small carton enterprises in Shanghai purchase cardboard cartons from large manufacturers. Some large manufacturers such as Asian Paper and Shanghai Fuguang account for approximately 79% to 80% of the total sales. Jin Hai and Min Xin The sales of paperboards of several big companies, such as China, Ningbo, and China, are also large.
Through the implementation of centralized plate-making and decentralized box-making, the operating rate of tile lines for large companies has increased from 42% in 1997 to around 90%. Small businesses eliminated outdated equipment, reducing losses from the original 10%-15% to 2-3%. The cost has been reduced and the benefits have improved. Now Shanghai Aisi, Xin Yin, Xintonglian, Yaye, Zhongxin, Guoli and other companies that have sales revenues of between 15 million and 20 million yuan have profits of more than 10%. Some companies have higher profits than big ones. (To be continued)