Reveal the processing of visual motor information in V4 brain area

On April 24th, Neuron magazine published the research result "Motion direction function diagram of macaque V4 visual field" in the form of a cover article by the Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. This work was done in collaboration with Dr. Li Peichao and Zhu Shude, PhD students of the Lu Haidong research group.

In humans and other primates, visual information is processed along different visual pathways in parallel. The traditional view is that the motion information in vision is processed in the dorsal pathway, not in the ventral pathway. The group's research shows that there are visual motion information processing in the dorsal and ventral pathways, and the processing of different pathways may serve different functional purposes.

The V4 region of the visual cortex located in the ventral pathway is considered to mainly deal with color and shape information, and its role in motion information processing is unclear. Through the use of optical imaging technology based on endogenous signals, Li Peichao and Zhu Shude and others recorded the responses of these three areas to the direction of movement in monkeys V1, V2 and V4, and found for the first time that there is a direction selection specific to the direction of movement in the V4 area Sexual function column (diameter about 0.3mm). These functional columns are usually distributed in several sub-regions inside V4, and partially overlap with orientation and color selective functional columns. Based on the direction-selective functional map, they further studied the neuron activity inside the functional column with the method of single-cell recording, and the results further confirmed the aggregation and columnar structure of the direction-selective neurons inside the functional column.

This study for the first time found a functional structure in response to exercise in the ventral pathway. This result suggests that the dorsal and ventral pathways are more suitable for dividing according to the purpose of processing information, rather than simply dividing according to the attributes of processing information. These two paths can process and use information with the same attributes (such as motion information), but serve different purposes (such as identifying the motion of an object, or identifying the shape of a moving object).

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience.

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